Improvement in drilling-machines



PATENT OEETCE.,

JOEL MOULTON,OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN DFtlLLlNG-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 46,813, dated March 14,1865.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOEL MoULToN, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk,and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Drilling-Machines; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing description, taken in connection with the accompanying plateof drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exactspecification of the same, wherein I have set forth the nature andprinciples of my said improvements by which my invention may bedistinguished from all others of a similar class, together with suchparts as I claim and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent.

My improvements in drilling apparatus are intended more especially forthe boring of oilwells .and for the removal of water therefrom, but canalso be .used for other purposes.

My improvements are as follows: First, a peculiar construction of thecutting-edge of the drill, having for its object a more completedisintegration of the material to be cut than has been possible by theuse of an ordinary drill, and also insuring its uniform wear both at itscenter and edges, second, forming on the drill-shaft or attachingthereto one or more reamers for the purpose of enlarging the bore cut bythe drill; third, causing an intermittent rotary motion to be given tothe drill-shaft and reamers by means of an arrangement of devices to behereinafter described 5 fourth, combining with the drilling mechanism apumping apparatus so connected therewith that water or other liquid canbe ejected from the well by means of the up and down motion of thedrill-shaftitself.

I will now proceed to describe in detail the construction and operationof my improved drilling apparatus.

My improvements are represented in the accompanying plate of drawings,of which Figure l is an elevation, and Fig. 2 a central verticaltransverse section, of my improved drilling apparatus. Fig. 3 is anenlarged detail view of the tube and drill, and Fig. 4 is a view showingthe teeth or under side of the drill.

a a c in the drawings represent the supporting frame-work of my improvedapparatus; b b, the crank-shaft, c c; the connecting-rod attached to across-piece, d d. The latter is attached to or forms part of two slides,cc, which,

by the revolution of the crank ff, are made to travel up and down insuitable ways, g g. Through the cross-piece d d extends a screwshaft, hh, which has an intermittent rotary motion imparted to it by means ofthe ratchetwheel it and screw-collarjj, forming part of the latter, theratchet-wheel i having motion imparted to it by means of a pawl, k k,attached to a vertical rod, Z l. This rod ZZ has an up-anddown motiongiven to it, so as to operate the pawl k 7c by striking as it rises withthe cross-piece d d against a suitable stop, m m, and by the retractin gpower of a coiled spring, n n. To the bottom end of the 'screw-shaft 1this secured a tube, o o, having an induction-orifice at p, andeduction-apertures at q q, and containing suitable valves, r r and s s,constructed in a similar manner as those of any ordinary pump. In thelower end of the tube o o, is formed a ratchet-wheel, tt, through whichplays the drill-shaft a u, the latter having its top so formed as to iitthe bore of the tube o o and constitute apistonhead, v o, therein. Tothe piston-head o o are attached two pawls, w fw. Thus it will be seenthat the vertical and intermittent rotary motion imparted to the tube oo by the means hereinabove described will cause an intermittent rotarymotion to be given to the drillshaft u u, because the teeth of theratchet- Wheel t t are brought as the latter rises successively toengage with the pawls w w. The drill-shaft 'a u, being raised androtated by the rachet-wheel tt coming in contact with the pawls w w,drops by its own weight when the tube o 0 is lowered, and itsup-and-down motion causes its piston-head o o to work in such a mannerin the tube o 0 as to perform the operation of pumping, as will readilybe understood wit-hout further explanation. Attached to or forming partof the drill-shaft u a are the reamers .r rv, of larger diameter thanthat of the drill itself, for the purpose of enlarging the bore out bythe drill as the work progresses. There may be one or more of thesereamers, as may be desired.

The cutting-edge of the drill is formed as shown in Fig. 4, having oneset of teeth, y y, which radiate from its center, and another set ofteeth, z z, which extend transversely across the drill. The object ofthis arrangement of the teeth of the drill is to more thoroughlypulverize the surface operated upon, and to causea uniform wear upon itsWhole surfacethat is, equally from its center to its circumference.

When it is desired to raise or lower the drillshaft u u, the screWfshafth h is prevented from turning by means of a sliding bolt, a a', Whichcan be made to engage with a vertical slot extending the Whole length ofthe screwshaft h h, so thatl the turning of the screwcollar j j of theratchet-Wheel i Will thus raise or lower the drill according to whichWay it is turned.

Instead of the tube o o, the stock in which the drill-shaft Worksvertically may consist of rods or bars which form guides for the shaftin its upward and downward motions, and the pawls or cams which act torotate the drillshaft may be thrown down by springs, if re` Waterthrough the openings q q into the said crevices, so as to open the wayfor the flow of the oil.

Having thus described my improvements7 I shall state my claim asfollows:

What I claim as my invention, and desire to have secured to me byLetters Patent, is-

1. Constructing the cutting-surface of the drill with teeth arrangedWith regard to it and each other7 as described, and for the purposespecified.

2. The arrangement of devices for giving an intermittent rotary motionto the drill,oper ating as hereinabove described.

3. Combining with the drilling mechanism a pumping apparatus operated bythe head of the drillshaft itself, as described.

4. Giving the intermittent rotary motion to the drill-shaft u u bydevices inside of the tube or stock o as the latter is alternatelylifted and depressed, the drill-shaft rising and falling Within thestock.

JOEL MOULTON.

Vitnesses J osEPH GAvETT, SAML. M; BARTON.

